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The media of Tunisia is an economic sector. Under the authoritarian regimes of Habib Bourguiba, and then Zine el-Abidine Ben Ali, it saw periods of liberalization and then challenges, notably due to Tunisian censorship. The 2010-2011 Tunisian protests and the subsequent change in government may bring significant change in this domain. In 2007, the Tunisian government's Website counted 245 daily newspapers and reviews, grown from 91 in 1987.〔 (Presse et communication en Tunisie (Tunisie.com) )〕 These are in large part (90%) owned by private groups and individuals, with much of the press dominated by discussion of government matters. On April 29, 2011, the Minister of the Interior announced authorization was granted to 51 new newspapers and reviews published since the beginning of the revolution.〔 (« 63 nouveaux partis politiques, 66 refusés et 49 demandes en instance », ''Business News'', 29 avril 2011 )〕 == History == The first daily newspaper printed in Tunisia appeared on July 22, 1860 under the name ''Arra'id Attunisi'', calling itself "The official journal of the Tunisian Republic", founded by the ruler of that period, Sadok Bey.〔 (Tunisie (Arab Press Network) )〕 The anti-Arab attacks by the Colonial Party and its Editor in Chief, Victor de Carnières, pushed Tunisian intellectuals to launch ''Le Tunisien'' in 1907, the first newspaper in the French language in Tunisia, with the aim of influencing the authorities of the Protectorate of Tunisia and French public opinion. Starting from that date, the number of French-language titles grew to reach 41 in 1956, while the Arab-language press counted 288 titles by that year.〔 (Aux sources de l'édition arabophone en Tunisie ) par Jamel Zran〕 At the beginning of 1991, there were six French language dailies, and nine in Arabic; there were 140 weeklies — 45 in French — and 160 monthly publications.〔Yves Lacoste et Camille Lacoste-Dujardin (la dir. de ), ''L'état du Maghreb'', éd. La Découverte, Paris, 1991, p. 410 ISBN 2707120146〕 Tunisian political parties had the right to publish their own newspapers but those of the political opposition were only published intermittently.〔Gilles Kraemer, ''La presse francophone en Méditerranée : regain et perspectives'', éd. Maisonneuve et Larose, Paris, 2001, pp. 164-165〕 Faced with this situation, in 1991 the government issued a grant of 30,000 Tunisian dinars to each of the parties. Other assistance was also provided to cover other expenses (paper, postage, and so on), but appeared to be granted under unclear criteria.〔 In a decree amending the law in 1999 relating to public financing of political parties, the government allocated a grant of 120,000 dinars to political party publications and 30,000 dinars to other periodicals. These mechanisms constituted a pressure tactic that the government could use on newspapers that expressed too much criticism of the regime. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Media of Tunisia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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